غاليوم (Ga)
غاليوم is the chemical element with atomic number 31 and symbol Ga. It is a فلز ما بعد انتقالي in period 4, group 13, with a standard atomic weight of 69.723 u.
حقائق أساسية
- Z
- 31
- Atomic weight
- 69.723 u
- Category
- فلز ما بعد انتقالي
- State at 298 K
- Solid
- Occurrence
- primordial
- Discovered
- 1875
- CAS
- 7440-55-3
الخصائص المقيسة
| Property | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Electronegativity | 1.81 | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Melting point | 302.91 K | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Boiling point | 2,477 K | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Density stp | 5.91 g/cm³ | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Atomic radius empirical | 187 pm | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Ionization energy 1st | 578.8 kJ/mol | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Electron affinity | 28.9 kJ/mol | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
التوزيع الإلكتروني
- Noble gas notation
- [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹
- Full notation
- 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 3