هافنيوم (Hf)
هافنيوم is the chemical element with atomic number 72 and symbol Hf. It is a فلز انتقالي in period 6, group 4, with a standard atomic weight of 178.49 u.
حقائق أساسية
- Z
- 72
- Atomic weight
- 178.49 u
- Category
- فلز انتقالي
- State at 298 K
- Solid
- Occurrence
- primordial
- Discovered
- 1922
- CAS
- 7440-58-6
الخصائص المقيسة
| Property | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Electronegativity | 1.3 | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Melting point | 2,506 K | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Boiling point | 4,876 K | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Density stp | 13.3 g/cm³ | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Atomic radius empirical | 212 pm | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
| Ionization energy 1st | 658.5 kJ/mol | National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH) |
التوزيع الإلكتروني
- Noble gas notation
- [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d² 6s²
- Full notation
- 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d² 6s²
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2