Solubility rules
Which salts dissolve in water. The grid is generated from the rules below, so the two cannot disagree.
| NO₃ | Cl | Br | I | SO₄ | CO₃ | PO₄ | OH | S | CH₃COO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| K | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| NH₄ | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| Mg | S | S | S | S | S | i | i | i | i | S |
| Ca | S | S | S | S | ps | i | i | ps | S | S |
| Sr | S | S | S | S | i | i | i | S | S | S |
| Ba | S | S | S | S | i | i | i | S | S | S |
| Fe | S | S | S | S | S | i | i | i | i | S |
| Cu | S | S | S | S | S | i | i | i | i | S |
| Zn | S | S | S | S | S | i | i | i | i | S |
| Ag | S | i | i | i | ps | i | i | i | i | S |
| Pb | S | i | i | i | i | i | i | i | i | S |
S solubleps slightly solublei insoluble
The rules
- All group 1 and ammonium salts are soluble.
- All nitrates are soluble, with no exceptions.
- All acetates are soluble.
- Chlorides are soluble except silver, lead and mercury(I).
- Bromides follow the chlorides.
- Iodides follow the chlorides.
- Sulfates are soluble except barium, lead and strontium; calcium and silver are slightly soluble.
- Carbonates are insoluble except with group 1 and ammonium.
- Phosphates follow the carbonates.
- Hydroxides are insoluble except group 1, barium and strontium; calcium is slightly soluble.
- Sulfides are insoluble except group 1, group 2 and ammonium.
These tables are entered by hand rather than ingested from a source, unlike the element and nuclide data elsewhere on this site. They are checked for internal consistency against the sourced data at every build, but they carry no citation of their own.